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Friedrich Schiller was the youngest of the so-called Weimar classics and one of the last great representatives of the German Enlightenment. His work, interrupted by an early death and endured under difficult living conditions, ranges from medicine to historiography or aesthetics to poetry, but its anchor and foundation is philosophical thinking. Not only as an author of theoretical writings, but especially as a dramatic poet, Schiller preached Enlightenment ideals and developed their systematic anchoring in dialogue with older rationalism as well as nascent idealism and romanticism. The presented book, following on from the author’s works on Herder and Goethe, tries to synthesize Schiller’s thinking across all areas of his work and to fill a noticeable gap in Czech knowledge of modern German culture, in which he tries to show precisely the link between philosophy, literature and social development.